Electrical leakage refers to the unintentional flow of electric current from an electrical circuit to the ground or other unintended paths. It occurs when there is a breakdown in the insulation or a fault in the electrical system. Instead of following the intended path of the circuit, a portion of the current "leaks" or diverts through an alternate path.
Electrical leakage can be caused by various factors, including damaged insulation on wires, faulty or deteriorated electrical components, inadequate grounding, moisture or water intrusion, improper wiring connections, or equipment malfunction. It can occur in both residential and industrial settings.
The presence of electrical leakage poses potential risks, such as electric shock hazards and the potential for electrical fires. Electrical leakage can be detected and mitigated by using protective devices like Earth Leakage Circuit Breakers (ELCBs) or Residual Current Circuit Breakers (RCCBs). These devices monitor and trip the circuit when they detect an imbalance between the current flowing in the live and neutral conductors, indicating a leakage to the ground.
Regular inspections, maintenance, and adherence to electrical safety codes and standards are essential in preventing and addressing electrical leakage to ensure the safety of individuals and property.
